What is Somatic Experiencing? How Gay Men Can Benefit from This Trauma Therapy

Sometimes, therapy doesn’t involve talking at all. In fact, the most effective way to treat trauma often focuses not on the mind, but on the body. Somatic Experiencing, developed by Peter Levine, provides a method for this approach. However, given that this modality emerged in the 1970s—a time when homosexuality was still considered a mental illness—can it effectively support gay men seeking trauma therapy? Let me explain.

The Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system functions around the balance of two opposing actions, operating without conscious thought. From birth, we intuitively scan our environment for cues of safety and danger. When we experience trauma, our autonomic nervous system activates to help us survive. The sympathetic nervous system triggers the fight-or-flight response, releasing cortisol and other stress hormones into the bloodstream. In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation, digestion, and regeneration, regulating functions such as breathing, heart rate, and body temperature. Ideally, these systems alternate rhythmically, supporting healthy cycles of alertness and restfulness that facilitate both physical and mental health. Unfortunately, chronic stress and unresolved trauma can disrupt this balance.

PTSD

Often, our nervous system fails to recalibrate after trauma has passed, leading to persistent post-traumatic symptoms. These symptoms can be chronic and interfere with memory formation, as the hippocampus may become disengaged. Consequently, our nervous system remains activated: the sympathetic system keeps us in fight-or-flight mode, leading to feelings of anxiety, agitation, and tension. Meanwhile, the parasympathetic system can trigger dissociation, causing us to daydream, struggle to focus, or feel numb. Many individuals experience a combination of these responses after trauma.

Bodily-Based Techniques

Processing trauma is a complex challenge, and the first step is to address physical symptoms. We cannot simply “tell” our nervous system to recalibrate through cognitive understanding; we must engage our bodies. By tuning into our physical sensations, we signal our nervous system to return to a normal state of functioning. There are several methods to reconnect with the body, including grounding exercises, breathing techniques, distraction methods, and mindfulness meditation. Experimenting with different approaches can help you find what works best for you. Generally, the more you calm your body, the less anxious your mind will be.

Trauma Therapy for Gay Men

Another vital aspect of trauma therapy is social engagement. Why is this important? Humans evolved in groups, and being part of a community significantly reduces the threat of attack. Our nervous systems have therefore evolved to remain calm when we feel socially connected. This point is particularly relevant for gay men, who may often feel isolated from their communities. Due to social ostracism experienced during childhood, many may hesitate to seek safety in groups. Additionally, men—gay or otherwise—often disconnect from their bodies, making it difficult to recognize physical sensations of tension and ignore critical signals indicating post-traumatic states. The beauty of Somatic Experiencing is its ability to integrate with various forms of psychotherapy, creating a holistic approach to healing. As a gay therapist, I wholeheartedly believe this modality is essential for all men.

To learn more about Somatic Experiencing, you can explore my perspectives on trauma therapy here and affirmative therapy for gay men here.